1. Signal Quality:Displays the current signal strength of the modem.
2. General Information:
   • Path: The path for the modem object.
   • Device ID: A unique identifier for the device.
3. Hardware Details:
   • Manufacturer: The modem’s manufacturer.
   • Model: The model identifier.
   • Firmware Revision: Details of the firmware installed, including version and build date.
   • Carrier Config: Configuration used by the modem for carrier connectivity.
   • Supported Technologies: List of supported network technologies like GSM, UMTS, LTE, and 5G NR.
   • Current Technologies: Technologies currently in use.
   • Equipment ID: IMEI of the device.
4. System Information:
   • Device Path: Path in the device tree.
   • Drivers: List of drivers handling the device.
   • Plugin: Plugin used by the modem.
   • Primary Port: The main communication port for the modem.
   • Ports: List of all available ports, each with its role.
5. Status:
   • Lock Status: Indicates any SIM-related locks (e.g., sim-pin2).
   • Unlock Retries: Available retries for various PIN/PUK codes.
   • State: The connection state.
   • Power State: Current power state (e.g., on/off).
   • Signal Quality: Cached signal quality as a percentage.
6. Network Modes:
   • Supported Modes: Different combinations of allowed and preferred modes.
   • Current Mode: The currently active mode and preferences.
7. Bands:
   • Supported Bands: List of radio frequency bands supported by the modem.
   • Current Bands: Bands currently in use.
8. IP Configuration:
   • Supported IP Types: IPv4, IPv6, and dual-stack options.
9. 3GPP Information:
   • IMEI: International Mobile Equipment Identity.
   • Enabled Locks: SIM locks enabled on the device.
   • Operator ID and Name: Identifies the operator.
   • Registration Status: Indicates the registration state.
10. 3GPP EPS (Evolved Packet System):
    • UE Mode of Operation: Current mode in use (e.g., csps-2).
    • Initial Bearer IP Type: IP configuration used for the initial bearer.
11. SIM Information:
    • Primary SIM Path: Path of the active SIM.
    • SIM Slot Paths: Indicates the slots and their status (e.g., active or inactive).
12. Bearer Information:
    • Paths: Paths to bearer objects for managing data connections.

Watchcat can run in four modes: ping reboot, periodic reboot, restart interface, and run script.

Periodic reboot

In this mode, the device is rebooted after an interval of time specified in the period input. The Force Reboot Delay option allows setting a timeout for a soft reboot of the device, after which a hard reboot will be started.

Ping modes

In ping reboot, restart interface, and run script mode, the device will take action after the time specified in the period has passed without a successful ping. Pings are periodically sent at an interval specified in Check Interval to a host, specified by the IP address in the Host To Check parameter. The size of ping packets can be set under Ping Packet Size. The Force Reboot Delay option allows setting a timeout for a soft reboot of the device, after which a hard reboot will be started. Enter the number of seconds to wait for the soft reboot to fail or use 0 to turn off the forced reboot delay. In the Interface parameter set, the interface should be monitored and/or restarted. Depending on the selected mode, an action will be taken on a failed ping.

• Ping reboot. The device will be rebooted. 
• Restart Interface. Restart a network interface selected in the Interface parameter.
• Run script. Run a script specified in the Script to run input. For example: /etc/watchcat.user.sh

Interface configuration

Either edit the default WWAN interface or create a new one via the add interface button. Select the ModemManager protocol and select an available modem device. The following parameters can be set:

• Access point name (APN). The interface uses either the default APN of the SIM or it can be manually configured. If the manually configured APN does not work, the device will revert to using the SIM APN.
• PIN. If the SIM is locked, the PIN code must be set.
• Authentication type. The authentication method used. Can be set as PAP, CHAP, or both (PAP/CHAP)
• Signal refresh rate. Refresh rate in seconds.

Once the device configuration is finalized, creating a backup file to allow for simple reconfiguration in case of errors or to transfer the configuration to new devices is recommended. 

Backup configuration

The device configuration can be backed up under System -> Backup / Flash Firmware by pressing the Generate archive button. A tar.gz archive file containing the current configuration files will be downloaded to your browser’s default download folder.

Load configuration

Before loading a new configuration, it is recommended to perform a factory reset, as otherwise, some custom files (certificates, scripts) may remain on the device. Please ensure you know the new password and LAN / WAN configuration so you can connect to the device after the new configuration has been applied. A new configuration can be loaded under System -> Backup / Flash Firmware by pressing the Upload archive button and selecting a tar.gz configuration archive file in the file browser. A confirmation window will pop up if a valid configuration file is selected; press Continue to reboot the device and finish loading the new configuration. The selection of an invalid configuration file will be signified by an error message at the top of the page. 

• Read this manual

Before working with this device, carefully read this manual and adhere to all safety advice provided.

• Compliance with laws and regulations

Use the router in compliance with national and international laws, as well as any special or additional restrictions regulating its use in various applications and environments. It is imperative to adhere to legal requirements and regulations to ensure lawful and safe operation of the router.

• Avoid unauthorised modifications and accessories

Unauthorised modification of the device or use of accessories that have not been approved can result in injury, termination of warranty, or damage to the device. Always use approved accessories and refrain from modifying the device without proper authorisation to ensure safety and compliance with warranty terms.

• Personal qualifications

All wiring must be performed exclusively by electrical specialists possessing the required level of knowledge and appropriate qualifications as stipulated by local legislation.

• Do not open device

Under no circumstances should the device be opened. Doing so may expose individuals to hazardous components and increase the risk of electric shock. If the device is defective, do not attempt to repair it. Instead, replace it with a new module.

• Do not work on device while energised

All power sources to the device should be turned off before performing any work on the hardware.

• Install the device in appropriate housing

This device must be installed inside an appropriate housing, electrical cabinet, or electrical operation room. Outdoor use is prohibited. Ensure, that the Ambient Conditions specified in Device description -> 1.0 Temperature limitations are always met.

• Provide functional grounding

This device must always be grounded. Connect the grounding cable via screw with clamping washer to the grounding terminal located on the lower side of the metal casing. If expansion modules are used, each of them must be grounded individually.

• Use end sleeves for stranded wires

End sleeves are strongly recommended for all non-solid connection cables. Please check the wire requirements in Device description -> 2. Connectors

• Avoid Electrostatic discharge

The device may be damaged by electrostatic discharge when touched. When handling the device, make sure that everything that comes into contact with the device is grounded.

• Strictly follow connection diagrams

To ensure safe and correct operation, always pay special attention to connection diagrams.

• Do not exceed defined supply voltage

Exceeding the specified voltage may result in damage to the device, risk of electric shock, or fire hazard. Always adhere to the recommended voltage limits outlined in the Device description -> 1.2 Voltage Suply.

• Do not use in explosive environments

This device is not intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres. Avoid using the device in environments where flammable gases, vapours, or dust may be present, as this could lead to the risk of fire or explosion.

• Caution when using near personal medical devices

Exercise heightened caution when using the router in proximity to personal medical devices, such as cardiac pacemakers or hearing aids. Electromagnetic interference from the router may affect the functionality of these devices.

Additional Safety Rules for 3-phase Power Measurement Module:

• Protect the voltage measurement connection cables

The voltage measurement connection cables must be protected against short-circuit. Take into consideration the cross-section of the cables.

• Never operate the current transformers with open load

Although the provided current transformers are equipped with protective diodes limiting output voltage, they should never be attached to a live wire without being properly connected to the power measurement module.

Here we describe how to set up VXLAN with access to the internet via 5G. VXLAN allows for the connection of separate LANs into one virtual LAN; as such, it is important that the connected devices have different LAN addresses. The subsequent section will guide you through establishing connections between two devices, followed by instructions for connecting additional devices to the VXLAN.

Connecting two devices

The steps are identical for both end devices; only the Remote and Local IP addresses are swapped.

1. Navigate to Network -> Interfaces -> Interfaces.

2. Under wwan -> Edit -> Firewall Settings, assign firewall-zone to wan and click Save.

3. Add the new VXLAN interface by using the Add new interface button and selecting the VXLAN (or VXLANv6) protocol.

4. Now, in the VXLAN interface, under General settings, set the Remote and Local IP (address in 5G network)

5. Under Firewall Settings, set the firewall-zone to lan and click Save & Apply.

6. Now add the VXLAN to the bridge device. Under Network -> Interfaces -> Devices, configure the br-lan device. In General device options -> Bridge ports, add “VXLAN0” (or “vxlan6”) and save your settings.

7. Click Save & Apply at the bottom of the page.

8. Navigate to Network -> Firewall -> General Settings -> Zones and edit zone wan. 

9. Under General Settings, set Input, Output, and Forward to accept, and “Allow forward to destination zones” to lan. Save your settings and click Save & Apply at the bottom of the page.

10. Make sure both devices have different LAN addresses. If not change them under Network -> Interfaces -> Interfaces -> lan -> Edit

11. To enable your changes, reboot your device under System -> Reboot.

Adding more devices to the network

We recommend using a star topology to connect additional 5G-IIoT Gateways to the network, because there is a nontrivial communication delay on jumps between individual LANs. For this, it is required to designate one device as a hub, which connects to all other devices. Preferably, this would be the device connected to the main/control block in the production to minimize the communication between non-hub devices. The following steps describe how to connect additional devices to the VXLAN:

1. Start by connecting two devices by following the instructions from the previous section.

2. When connecting more than two devices, it is required to set the “VXLAN network identifier.” Find your created VXLAN interface under Network -> Interfaces -> Interfaces and click the Edit button. Set the same numeric “VXLAN network identifier” on both the hub and connected device.

3. Now, on the hub device, create a second VXLAN interface, this time using the remote address of the device you want to connect and setting a new unique “VXLAN network identifier.” Following that, add the new interface to the bridge device. If you are unsure how to do it, see steps 3. – 7. in the section on connecting two devices.

4. Save & Apply your changes.

5. Set up the new device according to the steps from the previous section. This time set the remote address as the hub device address and the “VXLAN network identifier” to the ID for the second VXLAN interface (step 3.).

6. Make sure all connected devices have unique LAN addresses. If not change them under Network -> Interfaces -> Interfaces -> lan -> Edit